Art as a Cluster Concept

Henry Ossawa Tanner, The Banjo Lesson,
1893

According to Wikipedia, one theory of art is "art as a cluster concept.  Cluster concepts are composed of criteria that contribute to art status but are not individually necessary for art status.  These include:  (1) possessing positive aesthetic qualities; (2) being expressive of emotion; (3) being intellectually challenging; (4) being formally complex and coherent; (5) having a capacity to convey complex meanings; (6) exhibiting an individual point of view; (7) being an exercise of creative imagination; (8) being an artifact or performance that is the product of a high degree of skill; (9) belonging to an established artistic form: and (10) being the product of an intention to make a work of art."  The interesting thing with this theory is that it is not necessary for all the criteria to be met in order for art status.  This then leads to a "highly pluralistic theory of art."